Instability of steady-state mixed-state symmetry-protected topological order to strong-to-weak spontaneous symmetry breaking
Jeet Shah, Christopher Fechisin, Yu-Xin Wang, Joseph T. Iosue, James D. Watson, Yan-Qi Wang, Brayden Ware, Alexey V. Gorshkov, Cheng-Ju Lin
In this work, we interrogate the analogy between (i) pure state SPTs as ground states of local Hamiltonians and (ii) mixed state SPTs as steady states of local Lindbladians. We construct a Lindbladian which hosts a simple mixed-state SPT within its steady-state subspace, then add symmetric local perturbations to see if the new steady states lie in the same mixed-state phase as the original. We find that for generic symmetric perturbations, the answer is no, due to the onset of strong-to-weak spontaneous symmetry breaking.



